International name: Orthophosphoric Acid Synonyms: phosphoric acid, o-phosphoric acid

Chemical formula: H _{3 PO 4}

Appearance: colorless hygroscopic crystals

Production: Poland, Russia

Packaging and storage: eurocube, 10/20 liter can: <1 year

Description

The chemical formula of the described acid is H3PO4 . A more accurate name for this substance is orthophosphoric acid, which in the evaporated state is a colorless diamond-shaped crystal whose melting point is 42.3 ° C. In its pure form, it is rare, and therefore phosphoric acid is called a 75-85% aqueous solution of phosphorus.

Phosphoric acid can be mixed with H2O in any ratio, obtaining a slightly acidic solution. Thus, this substance, being in our usual form, is a colorless, thick, odorless liquid.

At temperatures above +213 ° C, it turns into pyrophosphoric acid H4P2O7. Very soluble in water. Typically, orthophosphoric (or simply phosphoric) acid is called 85% aqueous solution (colorless syrupy liquid odorless). It is also soluble in ethanol and other solvents.

Properties

In its pure form, orthophosphoric acid has the form of hygroscopic crystals without color. One of the properties of orthophosphoric acid is as follows: at a temperature in excess of 42 degrees Celsius, the process of its melting begins, and the substance turns into a viscous liquid without color. Another property of orthophosphoric acid is that it dissolves perfectly in water. In this regard, the acid is often used as an 85% aqueous solution.
Under normal conditions, this acid is inactive and reacts only with a small amount of metals, hydroxides and carbonates. If the substance is heated to a temperature of more than 80 ° C, inactive reactions with it can be made using inactive oxides, silicates and silica. Also during heating, water evaporates from the acid, forming pyrophosphoric first, followed by metaphosphoric acids.

The interaction of orthophosphoric acid occurs with:

• Metals;
• Basic oxides;
• Reasons;
• Ammonia;
• Salts of weak acids.

  Getting

  Industrial orthophosphoric acid is an important intermediate product for the production of phosphorus and complex fertilizers and technical phosphates, it is also widely used for the phosphating of metals, as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Food phosphoric acid is used for the preparation of non-alcoholic beverages, medicines, dental cements, etc.

  Application

  Orthophosphoric acid is widely used for various purposes:

  • Promotes further corrosion prevention
  • As flux during soldering
  • In agriculture - for the production of mineral fertilizers;
  • As part of freons (in industrial freezers