International name: Orthophosphoric Acid strong> span> p>
Synonyms: phosphoric acid, o-phosphoric acid span> p> p> Chemical formula: H 3 sub> PO 4 sub> strong> span> p>
Appearance: colorless hygroscopic crystals p> p>
Production: Poland, Russia span> p>
Packaging and storage: eurocube, 10/20 liter can: <1 year span> p>
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Description span> strong> h4>
The chemical formula of the described acid is H3PO4 strong>. A more accurate name for this substance is orthophosphoric acid, which in the evaporated state is a colorless diamond-shaped crystal whose melting point is 42.3 ° C. In its pure form, it is rare, and therefore phosphoric acid is called a 75-85% aqueous solution of phosphorus. P>
Phosphoric acid can be mixed with H2O strong> in any ratio, obtaining a slightly acidic solution. Thus, this substance, being in our usual form, is a colorless, thick, odorless liquid. P>
At temperatures above +213 ° C, it turns into pyrophosphoric acid H4P2O7. Very soluble in water. Typically, orthophosphoric (or simply phosphoric) acid is called 85% aqueous solution (colorless syrupy liquid odorless). It is also soluble in ethanol and other solvents. P>
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Properties span> strong> h4>
In its pure form, orthophosphoric acid has the form of hygroscopic crystals without color. One of the properties of orthophosphoric acid is as follows: at a temperature in excess of 42 degrees Celsius, the process of its melting begins, and the substance turns into a viscous liquid without color. Another property of orthophosphoric acid is that it dissolves perfectly in water. In this regard, the acid is often used as an 85% aqueous solution.
Under normal conditions, this acid is inactive and reacts only with a small amount of metals, hydroxides and carbonates. If the substance is heated to a temperature of more than 80 ° C, inactive reactions with it can be made using inactive oxides, silicates and silica. Also during heating, water evaporates from the acid, forming pyrophosphoric first, followed by metaphosphoric acids. P>
The interaction of orthophosphoric acid occurs with: p>
- Metals; span> li>
- Basic oxides; span> li>
- Reasons; span> li>
- Ammonia; span> li>
- Salts of weak acids. span> li>
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Getting span> strong> h4>
Industrial orthophosphoric acid is an important intermediate product for the production of phosphorus and complex fertilizers and technical phosphates, it is also widely used for the phosphating of metals, as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Food phosphoric acid is used for the preparation of non-alcoholic beverages, medicines, dental cements, etc. p>
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Application span> strong> h4>
Orthophosphoric acid is widely used for various purposes: p>
- Promotes further corrosion prevention span> li>
- As flux during soldering span> li>
- In agriculture - for the production of mineral fertilizers; span> li>
- As part of freons (in industrial freezers